据钻机地带网站8月8日报道，英国石油公司（bp）正在考虑在爱尔兰海建立两个海上风电场，而不需要政府的任何支持——这标志着该行业的发展首次受到成本上升的阻碍。

这家总部位于伦敦，主要靠出售石油和天然气赚钱的公司表示，其可能不会对英国的差价拍卖合同进行投标，因为其预计将使用自己生产的电力。

通常情况下，投标过程的设计是为了确保消费者在合同有效期内为他们生产的低碳电力支付固定的、预先商定的价格。

bp计划在没有政府支持的情况下建造两个风电场，这可能是第一次。

对于一个一直依赖政府补贴建设的市场来说，此举将是不同寻常的。成本飙升还意味着，在可再生能源需求上升导致一些海上风电项目搁浅后，开发商正在寻求更多的公共支持。

该公司首席执行官伯纳德·鲁尼(Bernard Looney)对最先报道这一消息的《泰晤士报》表示，该公司最快将在“明年年底”开始建设摩根和莫娜项目。据该报报道，这些风力发电场总共将在威尔士北部和英格兰西北部海岸外20英里处安装214台涡轮机，可为340万户家庭供电。

bp正在加快为其海上风电扩建融资的计划，因为该公司预计其自身的电力需求将会上升。其承诺增加在石油、天然气和可再生能源方面的支出。

就在上个月，Vattenfall公司以成本更高为由，取消了在英国海岸建造风力发电厂的计划。据彭博社(BloombergNEF)报道，美国也放弃了类似的计划，至少还有另外9.7吉瓦的项目面临风险，因为它们的开发商希望重新谈判或退出合同，以出售电力，他们认为现在的价格太低，不值得投资。

英国的风电场在获得规划许可和接入国家电网方面也遇到了拖延。据英国《泰晤士报》报道，英国石油公司的项目预计要到明年初才能申请规划同意书，这一过程通常需要至少一年时间。

在上月举行的德国有史以来规模最大的海上风电拍卖中，该公司是赢家之一。在拍卖中，该公司获得了在北海建设4吉瓦装机容量的权利——这几乎是其全球项目储备的两倍，使得其全球装机容量达到9.2吉瓦。Looney此前表示，该公司拥有庞大的电动汽车充电器、炼油业务网络，并正在该国建设生物燃料工厂，这将需要大量的绿色电力。

郝芬 译自 钻机地带网站

原文如下：

BP Plans Two UK Wind Farms for Own Power Supply

BP Plc is considering building two offshore wind farms in the Irish Sea without any support from the government — marking a first for the sector where development has been hindered by rising costs. 

The London-based company, which makes most of its money selling oil and gas, said it may not place bids on the UK’s contracts for difference auctions because it expects to use the generated electricity itself. 

Normally, the bid process is designed to ensure that consumers pay generators a fixed, pre-agreed price for the low-carbon power they produce during the contract’s duration.

In a potential first, BP plans to build two wind farms without government support.

The move would be unusual for a market that has always relied on government subsidies for construction. Soaring costs also mean that developers are seeking for more public support after some offshore wind projects were derailed as demand for renewable energy rises. 

Chief Executive Officer Bernard Looney told The Times, who first reported the news, that the company could start building the Morgan and Mona projects as soon as “late next year.” The wind farms together would boast up to 214 turbines about 20 miles off the coasts of north Wales and northwest England and could power 3.4 million homes, the newspaper reported. 

BP is ramping up its plans to finance an expansion in offshore wind as it expects that its own need for power will rise. It has pledged to boost spending on both oil and gas as well as renewables. 

only last month, Vattenfall AB scrapped plans for a wind farm off the coast of Britain, citing higher costs. Similar initiatives have also been dropped in the US, and at least another 9.7 gigawatts of projects there are at risk because their developers want to renegotiate or exit contracts to sell power at prices that they say are now too low to make the investments worth it, according to BloombergNEF.

Wind farms in the UK have also struggled with delays in securing planning consent and connections to the national grid. BP’s projects are not expected to apply for planning consent until early next year, a process that usually takes at least a year, the Times reported.

The company was one of the winners in Germany’s biggest ever offshore wind auction last month, where it secured the rights to construct 4 gigawatts of capacity in the North Sea — almost doubling its global pipeline of projects to 9.2 gigawatts. The company has a large network of electric vehicle chargers, refining operations and is building a biofuels plant in the country, which will require large amounts of green electricity, Looney previously said.