????通讯员 据化工网2月26日消息：英国商业、能源和工业战略部门(BEIS)的统计数据显示，英国石油产量在2020年下降了7%，降至三年低点103万桶/天，而该国自2004年以来首次成为原油和天然气液体的净出口国。

????产量的大幅下降被业内人士归因于疫情对海上作业的限制，尽管在运营商开始赶上第三季度的基本活动之前，推迟维护(尤其是在上半年)使生产水平受到支撑。

????在总体数据中，原油产量下降8%，为92.9万桶/天，其余9.6万桶为天然气凝析油。第三季度产量急剧下降，同比下降12％，第四季度有所回升。

????在某些情况下，石油生产商可能会因油价暴跌而减少产量，而美国生产商阿帕奇就因此而减产。

????英国石油产量上一次下降是在2017年，当时达到100万桶/天，在过去五年里，英国石油产量一直处于复苏趋势。

????BEIS指出，去年国内石油消费量的急剧下降大幅降低了英国炼油厂的吞吐量，尽管价格下跌也导致炼油商青睐国内生产的原油。

????报告称：“原油进口达到创纪录的低点，较2019年下降18％，原因是炼油厂根据需求减缓了产量，而市场暴跌也有利于本国收入?！?“尽管出口也有所下降，但仍超过进口，使英国自2004年以来首次成为初级油的净出口国。由于炼油厂在油价较低时青睐原油，因此，成品油的进口下降了一半以上?！?/p>

????英国约占西欧石油产量的三分之一，挪威的产量是该水平的两倍，由于巨大的Johan Sverdrup油田于2019年投产，且目前处于上升趋势。该地区是布伦特基准原油的原产地，该基准原油在世界各地的石油贸易中使用。

????冯娟 摘译自 化工网

????原文如下：

????UK data: Upstream oil output plunges 7% to three-year low in 2020

????UK oil production dropped 7% to a three-year low of 1.03 million b/d in 2020, while the country was a net exporter of crude and natural gas liquids for the first time since 2004, statistics from the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, or BEIS, showed on Feb. 25.

????The sharp drop in output has been attributed by the industry to restrictions on offshore activity due to COVID-19, although postponement of maintenance particularly in the first half may have supported production levels, before operators moved to catch up on essential activity in the third quarter.

????Within the overall figure, crude oil production was down 8% at 929,000 b/d, with the remaining 96,000 b/d being NGLs. Output plunged particularly steeply in the third quarter, down 12% on the year, before picking up in the fourth quarter.

????In some cases, production may have been reduced in response to the plunge in the oil prices operators could hope to attract, with US producer Apache saying it held back production for this reason.

????UK oil output was last lower in 2017, when it hit 1 million b/d, having mostly been on a recovery trend over the last half-decade.

????BEIS noted last year's steep drop in domestic oil consumption sharply reduced throughput at UK refineries, although the drop in prices also caused refiners to favor domestically produced crude.

????"imports of crude reached record lows, down 18% on 2019, as refiners slowed production in line with demand and plummeting markets favored indigenous receipts," it said. "Whilst exports were also down, these exceeded imports, making the UK a net exporter of primary oils for the first time since 2004. imports of process oils fell by more than half as refiners favored crude while prices were low."

????The UK accounts for about a third of the oil produced in Western Europe, with Norway producing double the level, and currently on an upward trend thanks to the giant Johan Sverdrup field, which came on stream in 2019. The region is home to Brent benchmark, used in the oil trade around the world.